The experimental values agreed with the predicted values, representing a significant increase in diosgenin production compared to its production using the basic SmF medium. With 21.16 g/L of wheat bran, 9.60 g/L of phosphate, and 1.97 g/L of Tween-80, the diosgenin yield was 2.28%, i.e., 3.17 mg/L/h. Using the BBD, the three significant factors were further optimized, and the optimum values were determined for maximal diosgenin production. Three components (wheat bran, phosphate, and Tween-80) were determined as significant factors by the PBD. In this study, to develop a submerged fermentation (SmF) medium for clean diosgenin production via efficient microbial biocatalysis, the Box–Behnken design (BBD) in combination with the Plackett–Burman design (PBD) was used to determine the medium compositions for Fusarium strains. Due to water waste and severe environmental pollution, the traditional diosgenin production process based on direct acid hydrolysis is no longer used. One such steroidal saponin is diosgenin, which has attracted significant attention due to the huge market demand in the pharmaceutical industry. Steroidal saponins are widely used as starting precursors and medical intermediates for the semi-/total-synthesis of hundreds of steroidal drugs.
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